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Failed Islamic States in Senegambia

David Robinson

Umarian Domain, 1862

Umarian Domain, 1862
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A map published in 1991 showing the maximum extent of the Umarian conquests about 1862, based on Robinson's estimate of the territories taken during the most successful part of the jihad, between 1852 and 1862. It should be contrasted with the much smaller domain controlled by Ahmad al-Kabir about 1881, shown in the map entitled, Umarian Domain, 1881. This map contains the following captions, "Map 1.1: The Umarian State and the French Conquest" "Kaedi" "Futa" "Matam (1857)" "R. Senegal" "Gidimakha" "Toro" "Gadiaga" "Gemu (1859)" "Bakel (1820)" "Senudebu (1845)" "Bulebane" "Kussan" "Khasso" "Kayes (1881)" "Medine (1855)" "Kenieba" "Gundiuru" "Bambuk" "Bundu" "R. Faleme" "Sabucire" "Bafulabe (1879)" "Diafunu." "Koniakary (1890)" "Diombokho)" "Nioro (1891)" "Karta" "Bakhunu" "Wossebugu (1890)" "Sabone" "R. Baule" "Fuladugu" "Kundian (1889)" "R. Bating" "Labe" "Futa" "Jegunko" "Jalon" "Timbo" "Tamba" "R. Bakhoy" "Kita (1881)" "Murgula (1882)" "Dingiray-French protectorate established in 1887" "R. Tinkisso" "Kurussa" "Sigiri" "Kangaba" "Niagassola" "Beledugu" "Bamako (1883)" "R. Niger" "Nyamina (1889)" "Segu" "Segu (1890)" "Sinsani" "R. Bani" "Jenne" "Hamdullahi" "Bandiagara (1839)" "Lake Debo" "Timbuktu" "Matam (1857)-French post and date of installation" "Nioro (1891)-Major Umarian post and date of French capture" "Approximate boundaries of Umarian State in 1862 (maximum extent)"

Courtesy of David Robinson (1991)
Umarian Domain, 1862
Umarian Domain, 1862
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Courtesy of David Robinson

Related Essay
Umar Tal Or Al-hajj Umar
Contributing Institutions: David Robinson; MATRIX: The Center for Humane Arts, Letters, and Social Sciences Online at Michigan State University
Description: A map published in 1991 showing the maximum extent of the Umarian conquests about 1862, based on Robinson's estimate of the territories taken during the most successful part of the jihad, between 1852 and 1862. It should be contrasted with the much smaller domain controlled by Ahmad al-Kabir about 1881, shown in the map entitled, Umarian Domain, 1881. This map contains the following captions, "Map 1.1: The Umarian State and the French Conquest" "Kaedi" "Futa" "Matam (1857)" "R. Senegal" "Gidimakha" "Toro" "Gadiaga" "Gemu (1859)" "Bakel (1820)" "Senudebu (1845)" "Bulebane" "Kussan" "Khasso" "Kayes (1881)" "Medine (1855)" "Kenieba" "Gundiuru" "Bambuk" "Bundu" "R. Faleme" "Sabucire" "Bafulabe (1879)" "Diafunu." "Koniakary (1890)" "Diombokho)" "Nioro (1891)" "Karta" "Bakhunu" "Wossebugu (1890)" "Sabone" "R. Baule" "Fuladugu" "Kundian (1889)" "R. Bating" "Labe" "Futa" "Jegunko" "Jalon" "Timbo" "Tamba" "R. Bakhoy" "Kita (1881)" "Murgula (1882)" "Dingiray-French protectorate established in 1887" "R. Tinkisso" "Kurussa" "Sigiri" "Kangaba" "Niagassola" "Beledugu" "Bamako (1883)" "R. Niger" "Nyamina (1889)" "Segu" "Segu (1890)" "Sinsani" "R. Bani" "Jenne" "Hamdullahi" "Bandiagara (1839)" "Lake Debo" "Timbuktu" "Matam (1857)-French post and date of installation" "Nioro (1891)-Major Umarian post and date of French capture" "Approximate boundaries of Umarian State in 1862 (maximum extent)"
Date: 1991
Date Range: 1990-1999
Location: Senegal
Format: Image/jpeg
Rights Management: For educational use only.
Digitizer: MATRIX
Source: John Hanson and David Robinson, eds and trans., After the Jihad: the Reign of Ahmad al-Kabir in the West Sudan. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1991. Page 22, which in turn is an adaptation of Robinson, The Holy War of Umar Tal: the Western Sudan in the Mid-Nineteenth Century, Oxford 1986, page 19.